Birth control – or contraception – is critical for women’s reproductive health because it empowers us to plan our families and manage our well-being. In this guide, we’ll demystify the complex world of birth control to help you understand and navigate your options so you can make informed decisions that align with your personal and health goals.
Types of Birth Control
As this is a 101 type of post, let’s start by understanding the diverse range of birth control methods available. You’re sure to be able to find one that best suits your individual needs if you know about them all. So – here goes!
Oral Contraceptives
Birth control pills to swallow are a popular choice and come in two types:
- Combination pills (with estrogen and progestin)
- Progestin-only pills
The pill is highly effective with perfect use, but it has to be taken at the same time every day to maintain its level of efficacy. This means a little bit of discipline on your part! So – the best time of day to take them is when you can most easily remember. This might be with your morning coffee or right before your nightly routine. For example, we’ve found some of our patients rubber band the pill pack around their toothpaste to prompt them to take it every morning! Whatever works for you is good.
However, in addition to birth control, the pill can provide benefits such as reduced risk of certain cancers, less severe menstrual cramps, and improvement in acne.
Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
IUDs offer long-lasting, reversible contraception. The hormonal IUDs can also help with heavy menstrual bleeding and provide some protection against pelvic infections. The copper IUD is hormone-free and ideal for women who prefer a method without the side effects of hormones.
Birth Control Patch
The patch is a simple, once-a-week application that provides the same hormonal protection as pills. To be most effective, you have to apply it on the same day each week and ensure you press it firmly against your skin with no gaps. If the patch becomes loose or falls off, you should replace it immediately to maintain protection against pregnancy.
The patch is an excellent option for you if you might have trouble remembering to take a pill every day but can definitely manage a weekly system. It can also help regulate menstrual cycles and decrease menstrual cramps. It’s effective immediately if started during the first day of your menstrual cycle.
Vaginal Ring
The vaginal ring is a flexible, plastic ring inserted into your vagina for three weeks at a time, releasing estrogen and progestin to prevent ovulation. You remove the ring for one week to allow for a menstrual period before inserting a new ring. This offers a good balance of hormones and allows for their direct absorption, with fewer side effects compared to oral contraceptives.
Progestin Contraceptive Injections
Contraceptive injections are given every three months. This removes the possibility of user error associated with daily or weekly contraceptive methods. However, it can cause irregular menstrual cycles initially, and it may take some time for fertility to return after you stop the injections. Bear this in mind if you plan to start a family soon.
Implants
Implants are small, thin rods about the size of a matchstick inserted under the skin of your upper arm. They release a steady dose of progestin to prevent ovulation. Implants are effective for up to three to five years, making them one of the most preferred long-term methods.
Condoms
Condoms are the only method offering dual protection against both pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). They are a barrier contraception made from latex or polyurethane that covers the penis during sexual intercourse. Condoms are easy to obtain and use, making them a staple in sexual health strategies.
This shallow, dome-shaped cup is made of silicone and is inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix, preventing sperm from entering the uterus. Used with spermicide, diaphragms are a non-hormonal method of contraception that can be inserted several hours before intercourse. They require fitting by a healthcare provider to ensure the correct size and are a reusable, cost-effective choice if you prefer a hormone-free method.
Comparing Effectiveness and Convenience of IUD vs. Birth Control Pill
Oral contraceptives and IUDs are some of the most popular choices for birth control for women, each with its pros and cons.
While both offer high levels of protection against pregnancy, when examining the pill vs. IUD effectiveness in real-life scenarios, we see a notable difference. The IUD boasts a more than 99% effectiveness rate because it eliminates user error – a significant factor with pills, where typical use (i.e. forgetting a pill occasionally!) drops effectiveness to around 91%. Otherwise, the effectiveness is also around 99%.
Pros and Cons of Birth Control Pills vs. IUD For You
If you’re deciding between an IUD or birth control pills, the final choice often comes down to personal circumstances and preferences:
- Pills offer flexibility and are easy to discontinue, which can be appealing if you’re considering pregnancy in the near future.
- IUDs provide a “set it and forget it” solution without the daily hassle and are also a better option for anyone who cannot take estrogen.
Other Questions We Get Asked About Birth Control
What Are the Most Common Side Effects of Birth Control?
Hormonal fluctuations from birth control can result in a variety of side effects, which vary among users:
- Weight gain
- Tiredness
- Headaches
- Nausea
- Mood swings
This is something you can discuss with an experienced women’s healthcare provider. They’ll help you choose the best option for you.
Does Birth Control Make You Tired?
If you’re wondering how to combat fatigue from birth control, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is key. Regular physical activity and a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can boost energy levels and overall health. If symptoms persist, you should discuss an alternative form of birth control with your healthcare provider.
What to Expect When You Stop Taking Birth Control
Upon stopping birth control, you might notice a return to your natural menstrual cycle, which could be more irregular and possibly heavier than when on birth control.
You may also experience a temporary delay in fertility as your body adjusts.
Additionally, gaining weight after stopping birth control is a concern for some women, although this doesn’t affect everyone.
Stella Mattina Can Help You Choose the Right Birth Control for You
Navigating birth control options can seem daunting, but with the right information, you can confidently choose a method that suits your health and lifestyle needs. At Stella Mattina, we excel at offering exceptional care to women – both primary care and Ob/Gyn care.
We also pride ourselves on being easy to access and accept most insurances. Schedule an appointment and let’s talk about your birth control needs.
Dr. Krum is currently in practice in Arlington, TX. He received his undergraduate degree at Texas A&M University, then attended UTMB Galveston for medical school, finishing in 1986, completing his residency there in 1990. Providing a full range of obstetrical and gynecological care, he specializes in the treatment of endometriosis and robotic surgery. He arranges his schedule so that same-day appointments are usually available.